What Is Wilms Tumor?
Wilms tumor, also called nephroblastoma, is a type of kidney cancer that occurs in children, typically before age 5. The most common sign is a lump in the abdominal area that parents detect while bathing or dressing their child.
How Common Is Wilms Tumor?
Wilms tumor is the most common type of abdominal cancer in children and accounts for about 6 percent of all childhood cancers, roughly 500 cases each year. Wilms tumor typically affects one kidney. In 5-10 percent of cases, it affects both kidneys. The cause of Wilms tumor is typically unknown and the condition is more common in black children. A small percentage of cases are related to rare genetic conditions including Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, Denys-Drash syndrome and WAGR.
How Is It Treated?
Treatment for Wilms tumor typically requires a combination of chemotherapy and surgery to remove part or all of the affected kidney. Some children may also require radiation therapy.